Shortcut Evaluation of Absorption for Synthesis of Gas Separation Networks
نویسندگان
چکیده
A systematic and quantitative methodology for synthesis of gas separation networks is being developed to allow generation of effective and economic separation schemes. Synthesis includes selection of appropriate separation methods, e.g. absorption, lowtemperature separation processes and membrane permeation. In the screening step of the methodology, a quick assessment of alternative separation techniques is needed. This work focuses on methods and performance indicators for such an assessment of physical absorption. To identify whether physical absorption is a promising technology, solubility differences of the components of a mixture in a non-volatile solvent may be assessed using heuristic rules. However, the selective solubility, which has been proposed previously as a performance indicator, is shown to be inconclusive. Instead, this work proposes two complementary performance indicators: the separation factor and the distribution coefficient. This study derives relationships for these for two process configurations of equilibrium stages: countercurrent and crossflow. The relationships derived for the countercurrent configuration can be rearranged into a form analogous to the Kremser relationships. An analysis of the impact on the separation factor and distribution coefficient of key process design parameters (solvent-to-feed ratio and number of stages in the column) provides a criterion for process evaluation which is in agreement with existing heuristics for absorption column design: if an absorption column with an infinite number of stages allows complete removal of at least one component, the split is taken to be feasible. In such cases, the operating solvent-to-feed ratio lies between the equilibrium constants of the key components. This provides a quantitative basis for preliminary selection of the solvent-to-feed ratio.
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